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pH Scale

A pH scale is a scale measuring how much something is between how much acidic it is or the base. The number 7 means neutral. If it's 0-7 acid and 7-14 is base. The pH is found by using an indicator. An indicator is a substance or chemical that changes color in the presence of an acid and/or a base. A Universal Indicator is an acid based indicator that shows you how acidic it is by putting 3-4 drops of it in the substance and it changes to a color that shows you what the number is on it. Ours went up to 11. A full range pH strip goes up to 14. It has 4 different squares on it and when you put the colors  face-down  in the substance the colors change and you'll find the number on the box and you find your number. The pH scale is a logarithmic scale. A difference of 1 pH unit represents one tenfold change. for example if I had 3pH units of 3 to 6 it would mean that the acidity was 1000 times greater since 10 to the power of 3 is 1000. After a long time of working on pH scales we finally found out that pH stands for potential of Hydrogen. Since the scale is about how acidic or alkaline/base a substance is, we have to know what the definitions are for base and acid. The definition for acid is a compound that produces hydrogen ions when dissolved in water. The definition for base is a compound that produces hydroxide ions when dissolved in water.If you want to know what makes an acid or base  stronger or weaker than another base or acid, her's what does. It's a stronger base if there is a greater number of hydroxide ions. For acids there has to be more hydronium ions formed.
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